Process-based models for inland-water emissions (iii) intensification of Priorities for improving the methaneīudget include (i) a global, high-resolution map of water-saturated soilsĪnd inundated areas emitting methane based on a robust classification ofĭifferent types of emitting habitats (ii) further development of Only 5 % compared to Saunois et al. (2016), due to a higher estimate of emissions from inland waters, highlighting the need for more detailed research on emissions factors. However, the overallĭiscrepancy between bottom-up and top-down estimates has been reduced by Geological sources and wild animals are also found to be smaller by 7 Tg CH 4 yr −1 by 8 Tg CH 4 yr −1, respectively. Improved partition wetlands and other inland waters. In particular wetland emissions are about 35 Tg CH 4 yr −1 lower due to Published budgets (Saunois et al., 2016 Kirschke et al., 2013). Some of our global source estimates are smaller than those in previously The most important source of uncertainty in the methaneīudget is attributable to natural emissions, especially those from wetlands Observation-based emissions indicates a predominance of tropical emissionsĬompared to mid-latitudes ( ∼ 30 %, 30–60 ∘ N)Īnd high northern latitudes ( ∼ 4 %, 60–90 ∘ N). The latitudinal distribution of atmospheric The top-down budget suggest that at least some of these bottom-up emissionsĪre overestimated. Sources are higher than top-down estimates. Sources such as natural wetlands, other inland water systems, and geological Bottom-up methods suggest almostģ0 % larger global emissions (737 Tg CH 4 yr −1, range 594–881) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Since 2012, global CH 4Įmissions have been tracking the warmest scenarios assessed by the The mean annual total emission for the new decade (2008–2017) isĢ9 Tg CH 4 yr −1 larger than our estimate for the previous decade (2000–2009),Īnd 24 Tg CH 4 yr −1 larger than the one reported in the previousīudget for 2003–2012 (Saunois et al., 2016). ∼ 60 % is attributed to anthropogenic sources, that isĮmissions caused by direct human activity (i.e. Studies (atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modellingįramework) and bottom-up estimates (including process-based models forĮstimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, inventories ofĪnthropogenic emissions, and data-driven extrapolations).įor the 2008–2017 decade, global methane emissions are estimated byĪtmospheric inversions (a top-down approach) to be 576 Tg CH 4 yr −1 (range 550–594, corresponding to the minimum and maximumĮstimates of the model ensemble). Following Saunois et al. (2016), we present here the second version of the living review paperĭedicated to the decadal methane budget, integrating results of top-down To address these challenges, we have established aĬonsortium of multidisciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the GlobalĬarbon Project to synthesize and stimulate new research aimed at improvingĪnd regularly updating the global methane budget. Sources and from the destruction of CH 4 by short-lived hydroxyl Growth rate arise from the variety of geographically overlapping CH 4 Two major challenges in reducing uncertainties in the atmospheric Importance of CH 4 compared to CO 2 depends on its shorterĪtmospheric lifetime, stronger warming potential, and variations inĪtmospheric growth rate over the past decade, the causes of which are stillĭebated. Terms of climate forcing, after carbon dioxide ( CO 2). Making CH 4 the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in Is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change.Ītmospheric emissions and concentrations of CH 4 continue to increase, Understanding and quantifying the global methane ( CH 4) budget Weiss, Doug Worthy, Debra Wunch, Yi Yin, Yukio Yoshida, Wenxin Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Yuanhong Zhao, Bo Zheng, Qing Zhu, Qiuan Zhu, and Qianlai Zhuang Tubiello, Aki Tsuruta, Nicolas Viovy, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Thomas S. Thornton, Hanqin Tian, Yasunori Tohjima, Francesco N. Peters, Catherine Prigent, Ronald Prinn, Michel Ramonet, Pierre Regnier, William J. Parker, Changhui Peng, Shushi Peng, Glen P. Melton, Isamu Morino, Jurek Müller, Fabiola Murguia-Flores, Vaishali Naik, Yosuke Niwa, Sergio Noce, Simon O'Doherty, Robert J. Laruelle, Licheng Liu, Toshinobu Machida, Shamil Maksyutov, Kyle C. Jensen, Fortunat Joos, Thomas Kleinen, Paul B. Hegglin, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Gustaf Hugelius, Misa Ishizawa, Akihiko Ito, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Katherine M. Curry, Giuseppe Etiope, Christian Frankenberg, Nicola Gedney, Michaela I. Carlson, Mark Carrol, Simona Castaldi, Naveen Chandra, Cyril Crevoisier, Patrick M. Blake, Gordon Brailsford, Lori Bruhwiler, Kimberly M. Arora, David Bastviken, Peter Bergamaschi, Donald R. Stavert, Ben Poulter, Philippe Bousquet, Josep G.
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